JAKARTA, Indonesia - World leaders wrapped up a one-day summit on Asia's earthquake and tsunamis, hoping to find the best way to help victims - and to prevent such a catastrophe from happening again. Indonesia reported almost 20,000 new deaths this morning, pushing the overall toll to nearly 160,000.
Even as more deaths from the initial effects of the natural disaster were announced, health officials warned that secondary deaths from hunger or disease would push the toll higher without a steady supply of aid to the region.
Donors concluded an emergency summit Thursday as relief workers scrambled to move aid to areas of Sumatra, the Indonesian island hit hardest by the earthquake and giant waves that crashed ashore Dec. 26. Volunteers hurled sacks of rice and instant noodles into trucks as U.S. helicopters loaded with other supplies buzzed overhead en route to isolated communities.
A new potential danger emerged, this time to the American and Australian military teams assisting the tsunami survivors. A radical Islamic group once headed by an al-Qaida-linked terror chief set up a relief camp in Sumatra. The militants, known for attacking Christians on Indonesia's far-flung islands, insisted they would not interfere with foreign troops - so long as they kept to humanitarian operations.
Indonesia today said its death toll from the 9.0-magnitude earthquake and the tsunamis it spawned was 113,306, up from its previous estimate of 94,200. More than 10,000 are still missing in the Aceh province of Sumatra island, the Ministry of Social Affairs said.
The announcement raised the overall death toll in 11 countries to 159,445.
In the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, world leaders discussed how to transform one of the largest aid packages ever assembled - nearly $4 billion in pledges - into food for the hungry and shelter for the homeless. U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan urged nations to come forward immediately with the billions they've promised and to break with past practices of promising much and delivering little.
"The disaster was so brutal, so quick, and so far-reaching, that we are still struggling to comprehend it," Annan said. "We will never know the exact magnitude of how many men, women and children perished on 26 December."
This morning, Annan traveled to Indonesia's tsunami-ravaged Aceh province to witness the devastation firsthand and the U.N. relief effort that is channeling relief. He was scheduled to take a helicopter ride over the devastated west coast of Sumatra island and then drive through the provincial capital, Banda Aceh.
Australia leads the world with a total aid pledge of $810 million, followed by Germany, Japan and the United States.
Secretary of State Colin Powell said America would take a wait-and-see attitude before pledging more cash. "These are not insignificant numbers," Powell told reporters.
Japan hinted it might offer more help for those hit in the disaster that ravaged 11 countries - including Sri Lanka, India and Thailand. Foreign Minister Nobutaka Machimura said the $500 million Japan already pledged "was on the small side."
The World Health Organization said that if basic needs - particularly access to safe drinking water - were not restored by week's end, infectious diseases could kill tens of thousands.
U.N. humanitarian chief Jan Egeland said hundreds of thousands of survivors who fled the coast in Sumatra could be living in around 200 makeshift camps in the forests and the hills. Until they are interviewed about missing friends and relatives, he said, the true death toll would not be known.