Get Healthy Carson City: Breast cancer screening: A vital tool for Nevadans

Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in Nevada, aside from skin cancer, but early detection through regular screening offers a powerful defense. Mammograms and breast ultrasounds provide the best chance of finding breast cancer in its earliest, most treatable stages.

"Breast screenings can detect breast cancer before you can feel a lump," said Dr. Chivonne Harrigal, a board-certified radiologist specializing in cancer imaging. "While knowing your own body is important, the early detection that screening provides is crucial. It's not one or the other – for the best outcome, it's both."

The statistics are compelling: breast cancer has a 99% cure rate when detected early. Annual mammograms can't prevent breast cancer, but they significantly improve survival odds.

Early detection also reduces the likelihood of needing a mastectomy. When caught early, doctors can often remove cancerous cells through a less invasive lumpectomy procedure.

Contrary to popular belief, family history isn't the most significant risk factor. In fact, 85-90% of breast cancer cases involve no prior family history.

The importance of screening is particularly critical for Black women, who face disproportionate risks. Black women are 40% more likely to die from breast cancer than women of other races, with those under 50 facing a 50% higher mortality rate.

Cancer data and analysis published by the American Cancer Society show that Black women are also at increased risk for more aggressive forms of breast cancer, such as triple-negative and inflammatory breast cancer, which can be harder to treat. They're also more likely to be diagnosed at a younger age.

Multiple factors contribute to this disparity. Among those factors, Black women are more likely to have diabetes, heart disease, and obesity – all risk factors for breast cancer – and may use hair products marketed to Black women that may contain ingredients linked to increased cancer risk. Access to healthcare services remains a significant barrier as well.

"Whether uninsured, underinsured, or lacking access to trusted providers in their community, Black women often don't get the screening, diagnosis, and treatment they need when they need it," said Amy Thompson, a navigator with Nevada Cancer Coalition’s ThriveNV program. “Rural women face similar challenges due to the scarcity of healthcare facilities in their communities.”

To address these disparities, experts recommend tailored screening plans. While most women begin screening at 40, Black women and those with known risk factors may benefit from starting earlier. Supplemental screenings, such as breast ultrasounds or MRIs, can be crucial for detecting more aggressive cancer types and those that are more difficult to see on a mammogram.

Women with dense breast tissue may also require additional screening. In Nevada, as of January, most private insurers, including Medicaid, are required to cover all mammograms and supplemental screenings at no cost.

Nevada Cancer Coalition’s ThriveNV program also offers screening navigation services at no cost, connecting Nevadans with the resources they need to get screened, even if it just helps to cover the cost or to find a doctor.

A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast that can reveal abnormalities before they're visibly or palpably apparent to patients or doctors. Many facilities offer 3D mammograms, combining multiple X-rays for a more comprehensive view.

While some women find mammograms uncomfortable or even painful, technicians are trained to provide gentle care. Any discomfort typically lasts only a few seconds, and many women said the peace of mind is worth it.

For those without insurance or who can't afford screening, several programs in Nevada offer free mammograms to eligible individuals who may not qualify for Medicare or Medicaid coverage. In Northern Nevada, those programs include Women’s Health Connection and the Nevada Health Centers Mammovan.

Harrigal emphasizes, "Don't let misinformation or fear keep you from getting screened. Early detection saves lives. Talk to your doctor about creating a screening plan that's right for you."

By prioritizing regular screenings and understanding individual risk factors, women can take control of their breast health and improve their chances of early detection and successful treatment.

Learn more at https://www.nevadacancercoalition.org/breast-rural.